Canada’s colonial roots involved interactions and collisions with other countries. For example, Latin America and Canada are examples of the relationship represented by the CanadaLatin America relations. The two countries share geographical ties in the Western Hemisphere, and the colonial relationship is due to the shared experiences OF European Colonization. The relationship has mixed Americans and Canadians to form Amerindian, European, and immigrants. The colonial relationship was essential to the United States. In 1867, after the Canadian confederation, Canada was restricted to its political movements, which led to the economic ties that Canada built with Mexico, Canada, and Brazil (McKenna, 2017). The essay writer economic ties led to the movement of people from one country to another (Herrera & Andreev,
2021). Due to the Canadian policies, Canada was restricted from any activities with Latin America even after Canada attained its political independence.
After Cold War, Canada viewed Latin America as a vulnerable nation where they could spread communism due to the underdevelopment of Latin America. In Latin America, there were also social-economic differences that led to the entry of Canada Latin America (McKenna, 2017). Canada built ties with Latin America, and Canada would be involved in the mediation process when Latin America and the United States had disputes (McKenna, 2017). The ties formed between the two countries included the Trudeau in 1968-1984, which upheld the relationship between Canada and Latin America (Herrera & Andreev, 2021). In 1968, Canada sent delegates to communicate and review the foreign policies that prevented Canada from interacting with Latin America and outlined the advantages such as evaluating the future benefits due to the interactions, improving relations with South America, and enhancing security, integrity, and economic growth.
Due to the interaction between Canada and Latin America, Canadian policies were absorbed into the relationship, hence impacting both countries. The exchanges were through trade, and therefore, due to the significant government of Canada, the country tried different policies on Latin America. However, this was after colonization after Canada got a new Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau. The prime minister had a team that majored in providing opportunities to expand the international market (McKenna, 2017). As Latin had previously attracted Canada due to its trade potential, the government gave Latin America special consideration. In 2007,
Justin Trudeau’s government announced that Latin America would be the priority foreign policy. Canada had strong trade ties with the international market, while Latin America had the potential to improve if there were trade relations, and therefore Canada had an advantage.
There was a disengagement between Canada and Latin America after the confederation.
Therefore, Canada was open to joining other unions, such as the Pan-American Union formed in 1910. However, Canada did not join the partnerships due to the United States dominating the leagues. There was an existing opposition between the United States and Canada caused by the limited economic interests and the Monroe Doctrine (Herrera & Andreev, 2021). However, in
1972, Canada joined the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) through Prime minister Pierre Trudeau’s fluent Spanish speaking. The prime minister helped in building strong relations with the other regions. This led to the formation of Central America and Cuba policies, which opposed the United States’ position in the unions (McKenna, 2017). Canada was able to make foreign policies independent from Britain due to the standing values of Canada, such as democracies, defense, independence, and economic interests. Due to Canada’s influence, it pursued its foreign policies through peace and war.
Canada developed strong relationships with Latin America and other organizations such as the Organization of America States, Inter-American Development Bank, Pan American Health Organization, and Pacific Alliance. Due to Canada having Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with countries such as Costa Rica, Panama, Chile, Mexico, and Colombia, it expanded the economic impact of Canada on Latin America due to the ready market for trade and expansion. In 1951, the Organization of American States (OAS) became official and sought to increase the countries’ interactions (Herrera & Andreev, 2021). There was a collection of public debts and arbitration between different nations. The United States and Latin America interacted only when there were issues of mutual defenses, arbitrations, and interventions.
After slavery was abolished and the southward expansion, more protests against the United States and Latin America increased its Markets due to the peace that was now experienced and because Latin America was excluded from Europe. Therefore, Canada developed relationships with Latin America after disintegrating the United States (Herrera & Andreev, 2021). The two countries were from the Western Hemisphere, and therefore, the relationships developed through the common experiences from the European Colonization. It led to Canadians and Latin Americans mixing, forming Ameridians, immigrants, and Europeans
(Webster & Donaghy, 2019). The relationship between Canada and Latin America threatened the
United States. The previous Canadian policies prevented any activities with Latin America until
Canada attained its independence. Canada wanted to spread communism and develop Latin America. Latin America had potential but was underdeveloped.
Due to Canada being in unions with the United States, it later took part in the arbitration between the United States and Latin America. After Canada revised its foreign policies in 1968, it was able to interact with Latin America both economically and socially (Herrera & Andreev, 2021). Canada was able to fund the health sector of Latin America, education, and economic development. One of the foreign policies Canada had was promoting free trade (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). It was common in both the Trudeau and Harper regime. The Canadian foreign policies were due to Canada being a participant in the international affairs with other nations that increased their responsibilities to arbitration and therefore influenced Canada to develop policies through balancing both its needs and the needs of other countries (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). Canada, therefore, held an upper chance of succeeding with Latin America since it looked both in its interests and the development of Latin America’s trade, education, and health. Canada had good intentions toward Latin America and other nations such as the Caribbean, which led to its successful operations in the countries.
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The determination of Canada to partner with Latin America prompted Canada to join unions such as OAS and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Stephen Harper had developed different efforts, such as economic interactions with the United States, to expand the entry of the Canadians into the United States Market (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). Although there were considerations and discussions between negotiators from the United States and Canada on easing the United States border for people to access goods and services, Canada sought other opportunities since this was not strengthening the Canadian market (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) led to Canada, and Latin America interacting since the FTA and the cooperation of Latin America eased the entry of Canadians to the borders and led to Canada investing in the countries.
In the beginning, the relationship between Canada and Latin America was weak and therefore challenged the relationship between Latin America and other nations. Also, while
Canada provided its assistance to Latin America, it did not interfere with Canada’s role in Africa (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). Some determinants influence Latin America and Canada’s relationship, including geographical and political interests, security, ideological factors, and economic considerations. Latin America experienced high levels of inequality and poverty, and most of the people were in the middle class hence classifying Latin America as a middle-income developing country (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). Stephen Harper provided the economic assistance that made the goals of the relationship well known to both Canada and Latin America (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). Financial aid strengthens the interactions of both countries and their citizens. However, although Canada sought Latin America, it did not risk other valuable relationships and limited concerns for Latin America.
In 1968, Latin American aid was 3% of the aid provided in the total budget. Therefore, Latin America increased its relevance to the Canadian government by diversifying Canada’s importance in economic relations and foreign political factors. Trudeau’s shift to Latin America showed Canada’s commitment to better cultural and geographical diversities (Webster &
Donaghy, 2019). Canada fought to promote human rights and democratic governments. Although Canada and Latin America’s relationship was later weakened, Canada did not withdraw its aid, showing its stand on developing Latin and not considering its interests (McKenna, 2017).
From 2007 to 2015, the relationship between Latin America and Canada was strengthened as Harper’s regime regarded Latin America as a significant foreign policy.
Canada, therefore, became an essential investor in Latin America due to the mining companies. However, this has led to violations of human rights and the government’s degradation (Webster & Donaghy, 2019). Haiti, a developing country, received the highest shares of aid due to the earthquake in 2010 that caused a humanitarian crisis and the increasing number of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the region. Latin became a diplomatic priority that restrained the foreign policy issue, reducing interaction between Canada and non-business civil societies.
References
Herrera, A. R., & Andreev, A. S. (2021). Latin America and Canada: Economic cooperation in a new world order. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural
Sciences. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.09.02.226
McKenna, P. (2017). Canada and Latin America: 150 years later. Canadian Foreign Policy
Journal, 24(1), 18-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/11926422.2017.1386579
Webster, D., & Donaghy, G. (2019). A Samaritan State Revisited:. Historical Perspectives on
Canadian Foreign Aid, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvnjbf57.5
